Which regulation should a flight instructor refer to when determining items for a Flight Review?

The correct regulation to refer to when determining items for a Flight Review is 14 CFR Part 61. This part of the Code of Federal Regulations specifically addresses the certification of pilots and the requirements associated with pilot training, including the Flight Review, which is mandated to ensure pilots maintain their skills and knowledge of current regulations.

Part 61 outlines the requirements for flight instructors and the standards necessary for conducting a Flight Review, including the necessary maneuvers, knowledge areas, and the overall procedures needed for evaluation. Understanding these requirements helps instructors effectively prepare pilots for safe and competent performance.

The other parts mentioned, such as Part 45, primarily deal with identification and registration markings of aircraft; Part 141 governs flight schools and their training programs; and Part 91 outlines general operating and flight rules, but does not specifically cover the Flight Review framework or criteria directly.